NCERT, JKBOSE Free Solutions

Understanding Secularism Excercises 1. List the different types of religious practices that you find in your neighbourhood. This could be different forms of prayer, worship of different gods, sacred sites, different kinds of religious music and singing, etc. Does this indicate freedom of religious practice? Answer:   Different types of religious practice are: (i) Jagran (ii) Kirtan (iii) Namaj (v) Havan Yes, this indicates freedom of religious practice. 2. Will the government intervene if some religious group says that their religion allows them to practise infanticide? Give reasons for your answer. Answer:  The government in any democratic nation would intervene if some religious group says that their religion allows them to practice infanticide because this tradition goes against the Fundamental Right to Life. However, sometimes, the government may also intervene via support. For example, Sikhs in Delhi are excused from wearing helmets on two-wheelers because their reli...

The Indian Constitution Excercise   1. Why does a democratic country need a Constitution? Answer:  A democratic country need a Constitution because: It lays out the important guidelines that govern decision making within the various societies of the country. It lays down the ideals that form the basis of the kind of country that its citizens aspire to live in. It serves as asset of rules and principles as the basis by which the country has to be governed. It provides rules to safeguard the interests of minorities and prevent any kind of domination by the majority on minorities. It lays down rules that guard against the misuse of power by any politician leader. It also provides rights to its citizens and protects their freedom. 2. Look at the wordings of the two documents given below. The first column is from the 1990 Nepal Constitution. The second column is from the more recent interim Constitution of Nepal. 1990 Constitution of Nepal- Part 7: Executive 2015 Constitution ...

India After Independence (Solutions) Let's Recall 1. Name three problems that the newly independent nation of India faced. Answer:  Three problems that the newly independent nation of India faced: As a result of Partition, 8 million refugees had come into the country from Pakistan. These people had to be found homes and jobs. The maharajas and nawabs of the princely states (almost 500) had to be persuaded to join the new nation. A political system had to be adopted which would best serve the hopes and expectations of the Indian population. 2. What was the role of the Planning Commission? Answer:  The Planning Commission was set up to help design and execute suitable policies for the economic development of India. 3. Fill in the blanks: (a) Subjects that were placed on the Union List were ________, ________ and ___________. (b) Subjects on the Concurrent List were __________ and _________. (c) Economic planning by which both the state and the private sector played a role i...

The Making of the National Movement  1 870s-1947 (Solutions) Let's Recall 1. Why were people dissatisfied with British rule in the 1870s and 1880s? Answer:  Some of the reasons for this dissatisfaction are as follows: The Arms Act 1878, disallowed Indians from possessing arms. The Vernacular Press Act in 1878, aimed at silencing those who were critical of the government. In 1883, the government tried introducing the Ilbert Bill, provided for the trial of British or European individuals by Indians, however, the white opposition forced the government to withdraw the bill. This enraged the Indians further. 2. Who did the Indian National Congress wish to speak for? Answer:  Indian National Congress wished to speak for all the people of India, irrespective of class, colour caste, creed, language, or gender. 3. What economic impact did the First World War have on India? Answer:  The First World War led to a huge rise in the defence expenditure of the Government of India. T...

Women, Caste and Reform (Solutions) Let's Recall 1. What social ideas did the following people support? Rammohun Roy Dayanand Saraswati Veerasalingam Pantulu Jyotirao Phule Pandita Ramabai Periyar Mumtaz Ali Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar Answer: Rammohun Roy: Supported the banning of the practice of 'Sati' Dayanand Saraswati: Supported Widow remarriage Veerasalingam Pantulu: Supported Widow remarriage Jyotirao Phule: Supported equality among castes Pandita Ramabai: Supported women's Education Periyar: Supported equality for untouchables. Mumtaz Ali: Supported Wome's Education Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar: Supported Widow remarriage 2. State whether true or false: (a) When the British captured Bengal they framed many new laws to regulate the rules regarding marriage, adoption, inheritance or property, etc. Answer: True (b) Social reformers had to discard the ancient texts in order to argue for reform in social practises. Answer: False (c) Reformers got full support fro...

Civilising the Native Educating the Nation (Solutions) Let's Recall 1. Match the following: Column A Column B William Jones Promotion of English education Rabindranath Tagore Respect for ancient cultures J. H. Knowels Translation of Rajtarangni Thomas Macaulay Gurus Mahatama Gandhi Learning in a natural environment Pathshalas Critical of English education M. A. Stein Collection of folk tales of Kashmir Answer: Column A Column B William Jones Respect for ancient cultures Rabindranath Tagore Learning in natural environment J. H. Knowels Collection of folk tales of Kashmir Thomas Macaulay Promotion of English education Mahatama Gandhi Critical of English education Pathshalas Guru M. A. Stein Translation of Rajtarangini 2.State whether true or false: (a) James Mill was a severe critic of the Orientalists. Answer: True (b) The 1854 Despatch on ed...