Formation of Erstwhile Jammu & Kashmir State and The Dogra Rule
EXERCISE
1. Match the Following.
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| 1. Gulab Singh | Cival and Criminal Code of Law |
| 2. Ranbir Singh | State Council |
| 3. Pratap Singh | Land Alienation Regulation of 1933 |
| 4. Hari Singh | Regularized the Shali System |
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| 1. Gulab Singh | Regularized the Shali System |
| 2. Ranbir Singh | Civil and Criminal Code of Law |
| 3. Pratap Singh | State Council |
| 4. Hari Singh | Land Alienation Regulation of 1933 |
2. Fill in the blanks:
a _________________________________ formed the state of Jammu & Kashmir.
b. The establishment of Raghunath Pathshala and Library was done by _____________________.
c. _____________________ was the most inhuman practice where the peasants were forced to work without wages.
d. ____________________ was appointed as the Revenue Settlement Commissioner of Kashmir in 1889.
e. ____________________ passed regulations against e and threw open the doors of the temples for the lower castes.
Answers:
a Maharaja Gulab Singh formed the state of Jammu & Kashmir.
b. The establishment of Raghunath Pathshala and Library was done by Maharaja Ranbir Singh.
c. Begar was the most inhuman practice where the peasants were forced to work without wages.
d. Walter Lawrence was appointed as the Revenue Settlement Commissioner of Kashmir in 1889.
e. Maharaja Hari Singh passed regulations against e and threw open the doors of the temples for the lower castes
3. State Whether True or False
1. Residency was established during the reign of Maharaja Ranbir Singh ( )
2. Dar-ul-Terjumah was the Finance Department of the state. ( )
3. Gurmat Kanya Pathshala was the first girls school in Jammu region. ( )
4. The Agriculturist Relief Regulation was passed in 1926 AD. ( )
Answers:
1. Residency was established during the reign of Maharaja Ranbir Singh ( F )
2. Dar-ul-Terjumah was the Finance Department of the state. ( F )
3. Gurmat Kanya Pathshala was the first girls school in Jammu region. ( T )
4. The Agriculturist Relief Regulation was passed in 1926 AD. ( T )
b. The establishment of Raghunath Pathshala and Library was done by _____________________.
c. _____________________ was the most inhuman practice where the peasants were forced to work without wages.
d. ____________________ was appointed as the Revenue Settlement Commissioner of Kashmir in 1889.
e. ____________________ passed regulations against e and threw open the doors of the temples for the lower castes.
Answers:
a Maharaja Gulab Singh formed the state of Jammu & Kashmir.
b. The establishment of Raghunath Pathshala and Library was done by Maharaja Ranbir Singh.
c. Begar was the most inhuman practice where the peasants were forced to work without wages.
d. Walter Lawrence was appointed as the Revenue Settlement Commissioner of Kashmir in 1889.
e. Maharaja Hari Singh passed regulations against e and threw open the doors of the temples for the lower castes
3. State Whether True or False
1. Residency was established during the reign of Maharaja Ranbir Singh ( )
2. Dar-ul-Terjumah was the Finance Department of the state. ( )
3. Gurmat Kanya Pathshala was the first girls school in Jammu region. ( )
4. The Agriculturist Relief Regulation was passed in 1926 AD. ( )
Answers:
1. Residency was established during the reign of Maharaja Ranbir Singh ( F )
2. Dar-ul-Terjumah was the Finance Department of the state. ( F )
3. Gurmat Kanya Pathshala was the first girls school in Jammu region. ( T )
4. The Agriculturist Relief Regulation was passed in 1926 AD. ( T )
Lets Discuss
4. Discuss the role of Maharaja Ranbir Singh in the field of education?
Answer; Eradication of illiteracy from the state and promotion of education received due attention during Maharaja Ranbir's reign. Institution such as the Raghunath Temple Pathsala, a library and a Mahavidyalya were established. The Dogra court patronized all languages and scripts. Maharaja's unprecedented zeal for dissemination of knowledge resulted in the establishment of Ranbir Press in 1882 CE. Maharaja Ranbir Singh believed in providing education for all classes of its subjects and founded a few state sponsored institutions.
5. Briefly describe the steps taken by Maharaja Hari Singh to ameliorate the position of women in the state?
Answer; Maharaja Hari Singh on his accession to the throne took stringent measures to eradicate the evil practices and ameliorate the position of women. Some of them are as under;
Answer; Taking cue from the annually visiting Ramleela and Rasleela companies from Mathura and Vrindravan, the state also patronized local theatrical groups both in Jammu and Kashmir region. The first native performing group was Raghunath Theatrical Company which was set up inside the premises of Raghunath Temple. In the later years of Dogra rule, the Dogri Sanstha established in 1943 AD promoted Dogra culture and initiated the process of performing original Dogri plays like Baba Jitto, Sarpanch, Nama Gran, etc.
During the 19th and 20th century, Jammu and Kashmir region had active regional folk theaters like Tamachra, Bhagtain and Haran. Similarly, Bhands were the traditional folk entertainers of Kashmir. Some other effective oral story telling traditions such as Ladi Shah and Dastan Goi remained instrumental in communicating the events of the past in simple and straightforward manner.
7. Highlight the major public welfare works under taken during the Dogra period in Jammu and Kashmir.
Answer; The major public welfare works under taken during the Dogra period in Jammu and Kashmir are discussed as under;
1. Established of Local Self Government;- The state government took initiative and passed Municipal Act of 1886 to give representation to the common people in the local bodies. Thus Municipalities were set up in the capital towns of Jammu and Kashmir.
2. Roads and Railways;
4. Public Health Care;- The first dispensary in Srinagar was opened by Reverend Robert Clark in 1864. Next year, another dispensary was opened by Dr. Elmsile. In 1874 Maharaja Ranbir Singh granted site beneath the Shankracharya hill for hospital that came to be known as Drugjan Hospital. During the reign of Maharaja Hari Singh, Sri Maharaja Gulab Singh Hospital (SMGS) was established in Jammu and Sri Maharaja Hari Singh Hospital (SMHS) was opened in Srinagar.
Answer; Eradication of illiteracy from the state and promotion of education received due attention during Maharaja Ranbir's reign. Institution such as the Raghunath Temple Pathsala, a library and a Mahavidyalya were established. The Dogra court patronized all languages and scripts. Maharaja's unprecedented zeal for dissemination of knowledge resulted in the establishment of Ranbir Press in 1882 CE. Maharaja Ranbir Singh believed in providing education for all classes of its subjects and founded a few state sponsored institutions.
5. Briefly describe the steps taken by Maharaja Hari Singh to ameliorate the position of women in the state?
Answer; Maharaja Hari Singh on his accession to the throne took stringent measures to eradicate the evil practices and ameliorate the position of women. Some of them are as under;
- A special trust called Dhandevi Memorial Trust was created. This trust extended financial help to the girls at the time of their marriage out of Dhandevi Knaya Fund.
- To prevent child marriage, Maharaja passed Infant Marriage Prevention Regulation in 1928 AD.
- Widow Remarriage Act and Property Regulation of 1931 AD gave liberty to the widows to remarry and live their lives according to their own will.
Answer; Taking cue from the annually visiting Ramleela and Rasleela companies from Mathura and Vrindravan, the state also patronized local theatrical groups both in Jammu and Kashmir region. The first native performing group was Raghunath Theatrical Company which was set up inside the premises of Raghunath Temple. In the later years of Dogra rule, the Dogri Sanstha established in 1943 AD promoted Dogra culture and initiated the process of performing original Dogri plays like Baba Jitto, Sarpanch, Nama Gran, etc.
During the 19th and 20th century, Jammu and Kashmir region had active regional folk theaters like Tamachra, Bhagtain and Haran. Similarly, Bhands were the traditional folk entertainers of Kashmir. Some other effective oral story telling traditions such as Ladi Shah and Dastan Goi remained instrumental in communicating the events of the past in simple and straightforward manner.
7. Highlight the major public welfare works under taken during the Dogra period in Jammu and Kashmir.
Answer; The major public welfare works under taken during the Dogra period in Jammu and Kashmir are discussed as under;
1. Established of Local Self Government;- The state government took initiative and passed Municipal Act of 1886 to give representation to the common people in the local bodies. Thus Municipalities were set up in the capital towns of Jammu and Kashmir.
2. Roads and Railways;
- a. Jhelum Valley Cart Road linking Srinagar with Peshawar via Kohala and Muree was completed in 1895 CE.
- b. The work on Gilgit Road was started in 1890 CE which linked the state with Europe through Central Asia.
- c . Banihal Cart Road and Ladakh Road were also constructed.
- d. Railway was also laid down between Jammu and Sialkote in 1905 AD
4. Public Health Care;- The first dispensary in Srinagar was opened by Reverend Robert Clark in 1864. Next year, another dispensary was opened by Dr. Elmsile. In 1874 Maharaja Ranbir Singh granted site beneath the Shankracharya hill for hospital that came to be known as Drugjan Hospital. During the reign of Maharaja Hari Singh, Sri Maharaja Gulab Singh Hospital (SMGS) was established in Jammu and Sri Maharaja Hari Singh Hospital (SMHS) was opened in Srinagar.
5. Write short note on Thanka art and Cham dance of Ladakh.
Answer: 'Thanka' are type of paintings on cotton, silk applique where as 'Chams' is the sacred mask dance of Ladakh. They form an important part of the life of the people of this region. 'Thanka' paintings are often displayed on the walls of Buddhist monasteries while the 'Chams' is performed on the occasion of Buddhist festivals.
.jpeg "Chams Dance of Ladakh") |
| Chams Dance of Ladakh |
.jpeg "Thanka Paintings Of Ladakh") |
| Thanka Paintings of Ladakh |
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